BASIC TERMINOLOGIES OF FORESTRY ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT

BASIC TERMINOLOGIES OF FORESTRY & ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT

Forestry: The science and art of producing, maintaining, planting, using, conserving, and repairing forests is known as forestry.

Arboriculture: The raising, care, and control of trees especially in urban and suburban environments.

Silviculture: Silviculture is the practice of controlling forest growth, structure, and quality to satisfy goals and demands, particularly the necessity for wood output.

Dendrology: The study of trees, including their biology, taxonomy, and identification.

Crown: A tree's upper part includes its branches and leaves.

Canopy: It’s the overall branches and foliage of a tree.

Understory: Vegetation grown under the tree canopy having small trees and ground covers.

Clearcutting: It’s a practice to grow new forest trees by cutting all already present trees.

Selective Logging: Harvesting of the specific trees in the forest.

Timber: Commercially valuable wood.

Forest Stand: Tress present in a specific area having a similar age tress of a species.

Biodiversity: Different kinds of plant and animal species present in an ecosystemares called biodiversity.

Forest Firebreak: A strip of land in the forest had no vegetation to slow down or completely stop the spread of fire.

Deciduous Trees: The trees that shed their leaves in one season (mostly in fall) and grow again in the nextares called deciduous trees.

Coniferous Trees: Trees that make cones or needle-like leaves, they are mostly evergreen.

Deforestation: Removal of the trees and forests.

Forest Inventory: It is a process in which we collect forest data related to tree species, size, health, wildlife animals, etc.

Forest Fragmentation: It is the division of large forests into smaller-sized forests due to human development needs.

Forest Ecology: It is the study of the forest, its organisms, and its environment.

Riparian Zone: it is the zone or land present adjacent to the rivers, canals, streams, or any other water-flowing body in the forest having unique vegetation.

Dendrochronology: It is the study of the rings present in the stem of the trees that show the age, and environmental conditions of the past and sometimes also helps to determine the past environment.

Tree Bark: Outer covering (Protective covering) of a tree's main woody stem (trunk) which has a unique texture, thickness, and color according to the tree species.

Heartwood: It is the central part of the tress trunk, mostly dark in color, it is a nonliving portion of the trunk.

Sapwood: It is the outer part of the tree wood in the trunk that contact with the nutrients and water from the roots.

Crown Thinning: It is a technique of removing the branches of the trees to improve the canopy area and air circulation.

Tree Resin: It is a viscous substance produced from some species of trees that provide protection against insects and pathogens.

Branch Collar: It is the swollen area of the tree branch that is attached to the trunk.

Gymnosperms: Non-flowering trees having cones and naked seeds.

Angiosperms: Trees have flowers and seeds are in a covering body.

Range and Forage land: An area of natural vegetation is called range land and the area where we can grow crops is called forage land.

Ecosystem: It is defined as a Community of living organisms such as plants, microorganisms, and animals when interacting with each other and interacting with their environment.

Habitat: A living place of a species of organisms in an ecosystem is called a habitat.

Ecological Niche: Role of individual species in an ecosystem to interact with each other.

Ecological Succession: A natural process with the time to convert barren ecosystems into plant and animal community ecosystems.

Keystone Species: Species have a higher impact on an ecosystem, sometimes it is dominant in that ecosystem.

Invasive Species: That is not native to the specific ecosystem; it came due to any source and can harm the environment.

Conservation: Protection and preservation of the ecosystem is called conservation.

Ecosystem Restoration: It is the effort to save and convert the ecosystem into a healthier one when it is damaged.

Sustainability: It is a strategy to ensure the long-term and healthy availability of resources.

Ecosystem Resilience: The ecosystem can recover from any disturbances like a flood, drought, fire, or human activity.

 Habitat Fragmentation: Division of the habitats into smaller portions.